Comparative Psychology Observations, Inferences, and Predictions Associative Learning Non-Associative Learning The Comparative Approach in Psychology Psychologist or Biologist? What is Cognition? Cognitive Behaviorism What is “Stimuli”? What is Behavior? Charles Darwin & Natural Selection Ivan Pavlov & Classical Conditioning Wilhelm Wundt & Experimental Psychology Clark Hull & Drive Reduction Theory William James & Functionalism Martin Seligman & Learned Helplessness Robert Rescorla & the Rescorla-Wagner model Harry Harlow & Attachment Theory John Garcia & The Garcia Effect Albert Bandura & Observational Learning Leon J. Kamin & Blocking Effect B.F. Skinner & Operant Conditioning John B. Watson & Behaviorism Edward Tolman & Cognitive Maps Edward Thorndike & The Law of Effect The Brindle Gene The Albino Gene The Rex Gene The Roan Gene The Long Hair Genes Pink-Eyed Dilution Gene The Himalayan Gene William Ernest Castle Abbie Lathrop